4.61 SHELL61 Axisymmetric-Harmonic Structural Shell

Extreme orientations of the conical shell element result in a cylindrical shell element or an annular disc element. The shell element may have a linearly varying thickness. See Section 14.61 of the ANSYS Theory Reference for more details about this element.

Figure 4.61-1 SHELL61 Axisymmetric-Harmonic Structural Shell

4.61.1 Input Data

The material may be orthotropic, with nine elastic constants required for its description. Properties not input default as described in Section 2.4. The element loading may be input as any combination of harmonically varying temperatures and pressures. Harmonically varying nodal forces, if any, should be input on a full 360° basis.

The element may have variable thickness. The thickness is assumed to vary linearly between the nodes. If the element has a constant thickness, only TK(I) is required. Real constant ADMSUA is used to define an added mass per unit area.

Element loads are described in Section 2.7. Harmonically varying pressures may be input as surface loads on the element faces as shown by the circled numbers on Figure 4.61-1. Positive pressures act into the element. The pressures are applied at the surface of the element rather than at the centroidal plane so that some thickness effects can be considered. These include the increase or decrease in size of surface area the load is acting on and (in the case of a non-zero Poisson's ratio) an interaction effect causing the element to grow longer or shorter under equal pressures on both surfaces. Material properties EY, PRXY, and PRYZ (or EY, NUXY, and NUYZ) are required for this effect.

Harmonically varying temperatures may be input as element body loads at the four corner locations shown in Figure 4.61-1. The first corner temperature T1 defaults to TUNIF. If all other temperatures are unspecified, they default to T1. If only T1 and T2 are input, T3 defaults to T2 and T4 defaults to T1. For any other input pattern, unspecified temperatures default to TUNIF.

KEYOPT(1) is used for temperature loading with MODE greater than zero and temperature dependent material properties. Material properties may only be evaluated at a constant (nonharmonically varying) temperature. If MODE equals zero, the material properties are always evaluated at the average element temperature. KEYOPT(3) is used to include or suppress the extra displacement shapes.

A summary of the element input is given in Table 4.61-1. A general description of element input is given in Section 2.1.

Table 4.61-1 SHELL61 Input Summary

Element Name	SHELL61
Nodes	I, J
Degrees of Freedom	UX, UY, UZ, ROTZ
Real Constants	TK (I), TK (J). (TK (J) defaults to TK (I)), ADMSUA
Material Properties	EX, EY, EZ, PRXY, PRYZ, PRXZ (or NUXY, NUYZ, NUXZ), ALPX, ALPZ, DENS, GXZ, DAMP. (X is meridional, Y is through-the-thickness, and Z is circumferential.)
Surface Loads	Pressures: face 1 (I-J) (top, in -Y direction) face 2 (I-J) (bottom, in +Y direction)
Body Loads	Temperatures: T1, T2, T3, T4
Mode Number	Input mode number on MODE command
Special Features	Stress stiffening
Loading Condition	Input for ISYM on MODE command 1 - Symmetric loading -1 - Anti-symmetric loading
KEYOPT(1)	Used only for MODE greater than zero 0 - Use temperatures for thermal bending (evaluate material properties at TREF) 1 - Use temperatures for material property evaluation (thermal bending not permitted - ALPX and ALPZ must be zero)
KEYOPT(3)	0 - Include extra displacement shapes 1 - Suppress extra displacement shapes
KEYOPT(4)	0 - No printout of member forces and moments 1 - Print out member forces and moments in the element coordinate system
KEYOPT(6)	Controls location of element solution output: 0 - Output solution at mid-length only N - Output solution at N equally spaced interior points and at end points (where N = 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9)

4.61.2 Output Data

• nodal displacements included in the overall nodal solution
• additional element output as shown in Table 4.61-2

In the displacement printout, the UZ components are out-of-phase with the UX and UY components. For example, in the MODE=1, ISYM=1 loading case, UX and UY are the peak values at =0° and UZ is the peak value at =90°. We recommend that you always use the angle field on the SET command when postprocessing the results. For more information about harmonic elements, see Section 2.9

A general description of solution output is given in Section 2.2. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Procedures Guide for ways to view results.

Figure 4.61-2 SHELL61 Stress Output

The following notation is used in Table 4.61-2:

A colon (:) in the Name column indicates the item can be accessed by the Component Name method [ETABLE, ESOL] (see Section 2.2.2). The O and R columns indicate the availability of the items in the file Jobname.OUT (O) or in the results file (R), a Y indicates that the item is always available, a number refers to a table footnote which describes when the item is conditionally available, and a - indicates that the item is not available.

Table 4.61-2 SHELL61 Element Output Definitions

Name	Definition	O	R
EL	Element number	Y	Y
NODES	Nodes - I, J	Y	Y
MAT	Material number	Y	Y
LENGTH	Distance between node I and node J	Y	Y
CENT: X, Y	Global coordinates XC, YC	Y	Y
TEMP	Temperatures T1, T2, T3, T4	Y	Y
PRES	Pressures P1 (top) at nodes I,J; P2 (bottom) at nodes I,J	Y	Y
MODE	Number of waves in loading	Y	Y
ISYM	Loading key: 1 = symmetric, -1 = anti-symmetric	Y	Y
T(X, Z, XZ)	In-plane element X, Z, and XZ forces at KEYOPT(6) location(s)	Y	Y
M(X, Z, XZ)	Out-of-plane element X, Z, and XZ moments at KEYOPT(6) location(s)	Y	Y
MFOR(X, Y, Z), MMOMZ	Member forces and member moment for each node in the element coordinate system	1	Y
PK ANG	Angle where stresses have peak values: 0 and 90/MODE degrees. Blank if MODE=0.	Y	Y
S(M, THK, H, MH)	Stresses (meridional, through-thickness, hoop, meridional-hoop) at PK ANG locations, repeated for top, middle, and bottom of shell	Y	Y
EPEL(M, THK, H, MH)	Elastic strains (meridional, through-thickness, hoop, meridional-hoop) at PK ANG locations, repeated for top, middle, and bottom of shell	Y	Y
EPTH(M, THK, H, MH)	Thermal strains (meridional, through-thickness, hoop, merid.-hoop) at PK ANG locations, repeated for top, middle, and bottom of shell	Y	Y

1. These items are printed only if KEYOPT(4)=1.

Table 4.61-3 lists output available through the ETABLE command using the Sequence Number method. See Chapter 5 of the ANSYS Basic Analysis Procedures Guide and Section 2.2.2.2 of this manual for more information. The following notation is used in Table 4.61-3:

Name - output quantity as defined in the Table 4.61-2

Item - predetermined Item label for ETABLE command

I,J - sequence number for data at nodes I and J

ILn - sequence number for data at Intermediate Location n

KEYOPT(6) = 0 or 1
Name	Item	I	IL1	J
Top
SM	LS	1	13	25
STHK	LS	2	14	26
SH	LS	3	15	27
SMH	LS	4	16	28
EPELM	LEPEL	1	13	25
EPELTHK	LEPEL	2	14	26
EPELH	LEPEL	3	15	27
EPELMH	LEPEL	4	16	28
EPTHM	LEPTH	1	13	25
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	2	14	26
EPTHH	LEPTH	3	15	27
EPTHMH	LEPTH	4	16	28
Mid
SM	LS	5	17	29
STHK	LS	6	18	30
SH	LS	7	19	31
SMH	LS	8	20	32
EPELM	LEPEL	5	17	29
EPELTHK	LEPEL	6	18	30
EPELH	LEPEL	7	19	31
EPELMH	LEPEL	8	20	32
EPTHM	LEPTH	5	17	29
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	6	18	30
EPTHH	LEPTH	7	19	31
EPTHMH	LEPTH	8	20	32
Bot
SM	LS	9	21	33
STHK	LS	10	22	34
SH	LS	11	23	35
SMH	LS	12	24	36
EPELM	LEPEL	9	21	33
EPELTHK	LEPEL	10	22	34
EPELH	LEPEL	11	23	35
EPELMH	LEPEL	12	24	36
EPTHM	LEPTH	9	21	33
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	10	22	34
EPTHH	LEPTH	11	23	35
EPTHMH	LEPTH	12	24	36
Element
MFORX	SMISC	1	-	7
MFORY	SMISC	2	-	8
MFORZ	SMISC	3	-	9
MMOMZ	SMISC	6	-	12
TX	SMISC	13	19	25
TZ	SMISC	14	20	26
TXZ	SMISC	15	21	27
MX	SMISC	16	22	28
MZ	SMISC	17	23	29
MXZ	SMISC	18	24	30
P1	SMISC	31	-	32
P2	SMISC	35	-	36

		Corner Location
		1	2	3	4
TEMP	LBFE	1	2	3	4

Table 4.61-3a SHELL61 (KEYOPT(6)=3) Item and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands

KEYOPT(6) = 3
Name	Item	I	IL1	IL2	IL3	J
Top
SM	LS	1	13	25	37	49
STHK	LS	2	14	26	38	50
SH	LS	3	15	27	39	51
SMH	LS	4	16	28	40	52
EPELM	LEPEL	1	13	25	37	49
EPELTHK	LEPEL	2	14	26	38	50
EPELH	LEPEL	3	15	27	39	51
EPELMH	LEPEL	4	16	28	40	52
EPTHM	LEPTH	1	13	25	37	49
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	2	14	26	38	50
EPTHH	LEPTH	3	15	27	39	51
EPTHMH	LEPTH	4	16	28	40	52
Mid
SM	LS	5	17	29	41	53
STHK	LS	6	18	30	42	54
SH	LS	7	19	31	43	55
SMH	LS	8	20	32	44	56
EPELM	LEPEL	5	17	29	41	53
EPELTHK	LEPEL	6	18	30	42	54
EPELH	LEPEL	7	19	31	43	55
EPELMH	LEPEL	8	20	32	44	56
EPTHM	LEPTH	5	17	29	41	53
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	6	18	30	42	54
EPTHH	LEPTH	7	19	31	43	55
EPTHMH	LEPTH	8	20	32	44	56
Bot
SM	LS	9	21	33	45	57
STHK	LS	10	22	34	46	58
SH	LS	11	23	35	47	59
SMH	LS	12	24	36	48	60
EPELM	LEPEL	9	21	33	45	57
EPELTHK	LEPEL	10	22	34	46	58
EPELH	LEPEL	11	23	35	47	59
EPELMH	LEPEL	12	24	36	48	60
EPTHM	LEPTH	9	21	33	45	57
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	10	22	34	46	58
EPTHH	LEPTH	11	23	35	47	59
EPTHMH	LEPTH	12	24	36	48	60
Element
MFORX	SMISC	1	-	-	-	7
MFORY	SMISC	2	-	-	-	8
MFORZ	SMISC	3	-	-	-	9
MMOMZ	SMISC	6	-	-	-	12
TX	SMISC	13	19	25	31	37
TZ	SMISC	14	20	26	32	38
TXZ	SMISC	15	21	27	33	39
MX	SMISC	16	22	28	34	40
MZ	SMISC	17	23	29	35	41
MXZ	SMISC	18	24	30	36	42
P1	SMISC	43	-	-	-	44
P2	SMISC	47	-	-	-	48

		Corner Location
		1	2	3	4
TEMP	LBFE	1	2	3	4

Table 4.61-3b SHELL61 (KEYOPT(6)=5) Item and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands

KEYOPT(6) = 5
Name	Item	I	IL1	IL2	IL3	IL4	IL5	J
Top
SM	LS	1	13	25	37	49	61	73
STHK	LS	2	14	26	38	50	62	74
SH	LS	3	15	27	39	51	63	75
SMH	LS	4	16	28	40	52	64	76
EPELM	LEPEL	1	13	25	37	49	61	73
EPELTHK	LEPEL	2	14	26	38	50	62	74
EPELH	LEPEL	3	15	27	39	51	63	75
EPELMH	LEPEL	4	16	28	40	52	64	76
EPTHM	LEPTH	1	13	25	37	49	61	73
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	2	14	26	38	50	62	74
EPTHH	LEPTH	3	15	27	39	51	63	75
EPTHMH	LEPTH	4	16	28	40	52	64	76
Mid
SM	LS	5	17	29	41	53	65	77
STHK	LS	6	18	30	42	54	66	78
SH	LS	7	19	31	43	55	67	79
SMH	LS	8	20	32	44	56	68	80
EPELM	LEPEL	5	17	29	41	53	65	77
EPELTHK	LEPEL	6	18	30	42	54	66	78
EPELH	LEPEL	7	19	31	43	55	67	79
EPELMH	LEPEL	8	20	32	44	56	68	80
EPTHM	LEPTH	5	17	29	41	53	65	77
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	6	18	30	42	54	66	78
EPTHH	LEPTH	7	19	31	43	55	67	79
EPTHMH	LEPTH	8	20	32	44	56	68	80
Bot
SM	LS	9	21	33	45	57	69	81
STHK	LS	10	22	34	46	58	70	82
SH	LS	11	23	35	47	59	71	83
SMH	LS	12	24	36	48	60	72	84
EPELM	LEPEL	9	21	33	45	57	69	81
EPELTHK	LEPEL	10	22	34	46	58	70	82
EPELH	LEPEL	11	23	35	47	59	71	83
EPELMH	LEPEL	12	24	36	48	60	72	84
EPTHM	LEPTH	9	21	33	45	57	69	81
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	10	22	34	46	58	70	82
EPTHH	LEPTH	11	23	35	47	59	71	83
EPTHMH	LEPTH	12	24	36	48	60	72	84
Element
MFORX	SMISC	1	-	-	-	-	-	7
MFORY	SMISC	2	-	-	-	-	-	8
MFORZ	SMISC	3	-	-	-	-	-	9
MMOMZ	SMISC	6	-	-	-	-	-	12
TX	SMISC	13	19	25	31	37	43	49
TZ	SMISC	14	20	26	32	38	44	50
TXZ	SMISC	15	21	27	33	39	45	51
MX	SMISC	16	22	28	34	40	46	52
MZ	SMISC	17	23	29	35	41	47	53
MXZ	SMISC	18	24	30	36	42	48	54
P1	SMISC	55	-	-	-	-	-	56
P2	SMISC	59	-	-	-	-	-	60

		Corner Location
		1	2	3	4
TEMP	LBFE	1	2	3	4

Table 4.61-3c SHELL61 (KEYOPT(6)=7) Item and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands

KEYOPT(6) = 7
Name	Item	I	IL1	IL2	IL3	IL4	IL5	IL6	IL7	J
Top
SM	LS	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97
STHK	LS	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98
SH	LS	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99
SMH	LS	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100
EPELM	LEPEL	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97
EPELTHK	LEPEL	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98
EPELH	LEPEL	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99
EPELMH	LEPEL	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100
EPTHM	LEPTH	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98
EPTHH	LEPTH	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99
EPTHMH	LEPTH	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100
Mid
SM	LS	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101
STHK	LS	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102
SH	LS	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103
SMH	LS	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104
EPELM	LEPEL	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101
EPELTHK	LEPEL	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102
EPELH	LEPEL	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103
EPELMH	LEPEL	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104
EPTHM	LEPTH	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102
EPTHH	LEPTH	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103
EPTHMH	LEPTH	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104
Bot
SM	LS	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105
STHK	LS	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106
SH	LS	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107
SMH	LS	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108
EPELM	LEPEL	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105
EPELTHK	LEPEL	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106
EPELH	LEPEL	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107
EPELMH	LEPEL	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108
EPTHM	LEPTH	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106
EPTHH	LEPTH	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107
EPTHMH	LEPTH	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108
Element
MFORX	SMISC	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7
MFORY	SMISC	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8
MFORZ	SMISC	3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	9
MMOMZ	SMISC	6	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	12
TX	SMISC	13	19	25	31	37	43	49	55	61
TZ	SMISC	14	20	26	32	38	44	50	56	62
TXZ	SMISC	15	21	27	33	39	45	51	57	63
MX	SMISC	16	22	28	34	40	46	52	58	64
MZ	SMISC	17	23	29	35	41	47	53	59	65
MXZ	SMISC	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66
P1	SMISC	67	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	68
P2	SMISC	71	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	72

		Corner Location
		1	2	3	4
TEMP	LBFE	1	2	3	4

Table 4.61-3d SHELL61 (KEYOPT(6)=9) Item and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands

KEYOPT(6) = 9
Label	Item	I	IL1	IL2	IL3	IL4	IL5	IL6	IL7	IL8	IL9	J
Top
SM	LS	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97	109	121
STHK	LS	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98	110	122
SH	LS	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99	111	123
SMH	LS	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100	112	124
EPELM	LEPEL	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97	109	121
EPELTHK	LEPEL	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98	110	122
EPELH	LEPEL	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99	111	123
EPELMH	LEPEL	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100	112	124
EPTHM	LEPTH	1	13	25	37	49	61	73	85	97	109	121
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	2	14	26	38	50	62	74	86	98	110	122
EPTHH	LEPTH	3	15	27	39	51	63	75	87	99	111	123
EPTHMH	LEPTH	4	16	28	40	52	64	76	88	100	112	124
Mid
SM	LS	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101	113	125
STHK	LS	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102	114	126
SH	LS	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103	115	127
SMH	LS	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104	116	128
EPELM	LEPEL	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101	113	125
EPELTHK	LEPEL	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102	114	126
EPELH	LEPEL	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103	115	127
EPELMH	LEPEL	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104	116	128
EPTHM	LEPTH	5	17	29	41	53	65	77	89	101	113	125
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	6	18	30	42	54	66	78	90	102	114	126
EPTHH	LEPTH	7	19	31	43	55	67	79	91	103	115	127
EPTHMH	LEPTH	8	20	32	44	56	68	80	92	104	116	128
Bot
SM	LS	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105	117	129
STHK	LS	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106	118	130
SH	LS	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107	119	131
SMH	LS	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132
EPELM	LEPEL	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105	117	129
EPELTHK	LEPEL	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106	118	130
EPELH	LEPEL	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107	119	131
EPELMH	LEPEL	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132
EPTHM	LEPTH	9	21	33	45	57	69	81	93	105	117	129
EPTHTHK	LEPTH	10	22	34	46	58	70	82	94	106	118	130
EPTHH	LEPTH	11	23	35	47	59	71	83	95	107	119	131
EPTHMH	LEPTH	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132
Element
MFORX	SMISC	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7
MFORY	SMISC	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8
MFORZ	SMISC	3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	9
MMOMZ	SMISC	6	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	12
TX	SMISC	13	19	25	31	37	43	49	55	61	67	73
TZ	SMISC	14	20	26	32	38	44	50	56	62	68	74
TXZ	SMISC	15	21	27	33	39	45	51	57	63	69	75
MX	SMISC	16	22	28	34	40	46	52	58	64	70	76
MZ	SMISC	17	23	29	35	41	47	53	59	65	71	77
MXZ	SMISC	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66	72	78
P1	SMISC	79	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	80
P2	SMISC	83	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	84

		Corner Location
		1	2	3	4
TEMP	LBFE	1	2	3	4

4.61.3 Assumptions and Restrictions

If the element has a constant thickness, only TK(I) need be defined. TK(I) must not be zero. The element thickness is assumed to vary linearly from node I to node J. Some thick shell effects have been included in the formulation of SHELL61 but it cannot be properly considered to be a thick shell element. If these effects are important, it is recommended to use PLANE25. The element assumes a linear elastic material. Post analysis superposition of results is valid only with other linear elastic solutions. Strain energy does not consider thermal effects. The element should not be used with the large deflection option. Also, the element may not be deactivated with the EKILL command. You can use only axisymmetric (MODE,0) loads to generate the stress state used for stress stiffened modal analyses using this element.

4.61.4 Product Restrictions