Studies in Moral Development and Education
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photo of Julio Rique Júlio Rique, Ph.D., is an Educational Psychologist, originally from João Pessoa, Pb., Brazil. He received a Master’s degree in Social Psychology from Universidade Federal da Paraíba, and a Ph.D., degree from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

In Brazil, Dr. Cleonice Camino who received her doctorate from the University of Louvain, Belgium, mentored Dr. Rique on studies on justice-reasoning development and implications of moral perspectives, a concept intrinsic to the person, to justice, that is, a social political process.

In the United States, Dr. Rique studied with Robert Enright, Ph.D. who pioneered studies on forgiveness in moral psychology. Dr. Rique has been working in collaboration with Robert Enright on the validity of The Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI) across eight cultures: Austria, Brazil, Israel, Korea, Norway, Taiwan, Turkey, and the United States.

Research Interests
Dr. Rique’s research interest is on multicultural studies on forgiveness in contexts of justice. Forgiveness, which stems from injustices, elicits different forms of justice from social contexts. Contexts of forgiveness are distinct social environments. For example, is the context of a person forgiving an abusive spouse the same context of forgiving an adolescent sniper, an incarcerated street child in Brazil, or a person with direct participation in genocides?

Dr. Rique has started to ask empirically:
1. In which context is forgiveness more likely to be offered?
2. In which context is forgiveness less likely to be offered?
3. What is the category of justice associated with each context? Why?

By developing a framework to understand forms of justice in relation to forgiveness, Dr. Rique is advancing the area of studies on forgiveness to inform on:
1. What is accomplished in education via forgiveness?
2 . What are necessary social and human conditions to forgive after injustices?

Web Site
http://www.cedu.niu.edu/~rique

Publications
Rique, J., & Lins-Dyer, M. T. (2003). Teacher’s views of forgiveness for the resolution of conflicts between students in school. Journal of Moral Education, 32, 3, 233 – 250.

Rique & Camino (1997). Consistency and Inconsistencies in Adolescents Moral Reasoning. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 4, 21, 813-836.

Invited Publication
Rique, J. (October 2003). Interpersonal forgiveness and students’ victimization in middle schools. In J. Rique and N. DeFrates-Densch, Completing the circle: Theory to practice in Educational Psychology Research. Thresholds in Education, 29, 3, 6–9.

Manuscripts in Peer Review Process
Rique, J., Enright, R. D., & Serlin, R. (2004). Examining Interpersonal Forgiveness across Seven Cultures. Manuscript submitted to publication.

Rique, J., Camino, C., & Araujo, R. M. (2004). A Study on Interpersonal Forgiveness and Development in Brazilian Adolescents. Manuscript submitted to publication.

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