Art History 510
Historiography and Theory of the Visual Arts to 1960

Tuesday Evening, 5:30-8:30
206 Jefferson Hall

Peter B. Hales, Professor
Office: 208-A Henry Hall
Office Hours: Mondays, Tuesdays, 3:30-5:00 and by appointment
Phone: Office 413-2461 Home (847)866-8106
email pbhales@uic.edu
Website: http://www.uic.edu/~pbhales

This course has many goals. Primarily, it is meant to be a rigorous introduction to the sorts of thinking that characterize the discipline of art history, defined quite broadly. This means reading dense and demanding materials, applying the ideas and theories therein to works of architecture, art, and visual culture, and developing both a critical and a historical understanding of the discipline of art history as a result. Finally, the course is designed to develop clear, accurate, engaging writing at a highly sophisticated level.

Requirements: There is a great deal of reading for this class, and it's not easy going. Prepare to discipline yourself. Everyone is expected to do all the reading for each class. This is essential; in a small, intensive discussion seminar, the presence of even one ill-prepared student is glaringly obvious, with humiliating effects. You must be at all classes. In addition, each student is "responsible for presenting the reading for two classes-- to have a clear sense of what you feel are the most important points, to guide discussion, and to propose some practical tests to use to illuminate the readings-- a work of architecture to "tour," say, (in which case you will need to pull the slides from the slide library) or a single interesting painting or work of design. Everyone is expected to participate in discussions in their own particular (or peculiar) ways; I don't expect you to become a different person, but I do expect loquacious students to learn discipline and listening skills, and shy or reticent students to learn assertiveness and something of eloquence, within the limits of the possible.

The writing assignments are of two types. Each week from week 3 through week 14 (11 papers-- you can skip one), you are to produce a clear, brief (about 2 typed pages) analysis of the readings- - what constitute the central ideas of each reading, what ideas link them, and what are the most rewarding and problematic aspects of the work.

In addition, you will produce the "shell" of a research paper-- that is: you will find a topic, do preliminary research, develop a thesis, create a viable bibliography that includes primary and secondary sources-- in other words, do everything except write the paper. In this way you will develop comfort with the processes of research.

All the sober, punitive prose completed, I an now say that this is in fact an exciting course, the chance to begin to do what draws us to universities to do: to engage with and learn from each other and from people distanced from us by time, death and change. In addition, we will be looking at how this particular, odd, discipline came into being-- how it became possible to yoke together Art and History, and then say, at parties and in writing: "I'm an art historian."


Developing A Discipline

1. Introduction: Boundaries, Margins and Disciplines

2. Conflicts and Paradigms: Art History in the World and in the Academy
This week you will not write; instead, go to the Art Institute of Chicago and the Museum of Contemporary Art, and spend some time considering those institutions as reflective of philosophical paradigms or models for what art's history is and how to present it. Artjournal Art History Survey Special Issue, 1995/6 (on reserve) Hans Belting, The End of the History of Art? Part I "Crisis in the Discipline", editorial, Artjournal (on reserve) Plato, The Republic Olu Oguibe, "In the 'Heart of Darkness'", from Art History and Its Methods (AHM)

3. Prototypes: Art History, Art, and History
Vasari, Lives of the Artists Belting, End of the History of Art? Part II

4. Germans: Idealism and the Search for Order
Johann Winckelmann, "The History of Ancient Art," in AHM; plus handout Hegel, (on reserve) Goethe, (on reserve)

5. Reaching for Objectivities
Jacob Burkhardt, "Reflections on History" in AHM Alois Riegl, "Late Roman Art Industry" in AHM Possible other materials (on reserve) This week we will spend about half the class discussing the methods of art-historical research, and the nature of research work as a real (rather than a required or obligatory) activity.

6. Architecture: Criticism and Revival
John Ruskin, The Seven Lamps of Architecture William Morris, "The Revival of Architecture," in AHM

7. Connoisseurship and Stylistic Analysis
Giovanni Morelli, "Italian Painters," in AHM Heinrich Wolfflin, Principles of Art History Paul Frankl, Principles of Architectural History" in AHM Roger Fry, "Vision and Design," in AHM Henri Focillon, "The Life of Forms in Art," in AHM Meyer Shapiro (on reserve)

Disruptions: Marx/Freud

8. Karl Marx, Capital
By this time, you should have chosen a topic for your research project, and be prepared to present it to me for approval over the next week or so.

9. Marxism(s) in Transformation: Orthodoxies to Social Histories
Hadjinicouliaou, (on reserve) from Arnold Hauser, "The Philosophy of Art History", in AHM Nikolaus Pevsner, Pioneers of Modern Design Nikolaus Pevsner, "An Outline of European Architecture," in AHM Clement Greenberg, (on reserve)

10. Psychoanalysis and the Psychohistorical
Sigmund Freud, Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious Sigmund Freud, Leonardo da Vinci and a Memory of His Childhood

11. Critiquing Freud
Richard Wollheim, "Freud and the Understanding of Art" (on reserve) Donald Kuspit, "Artist Envy" (on reserve) This week we will also spend some time discussing each of your research projects, and the steps taken (and left to be taken) to develop it.

Expansions: Art History and/as Cultural History


12. Iconographical Analysis, Iconology, and Art History as Cultural History Erwin Panofsky, Meaning In the Visual Arts

13.High Modernism: Architecture as Heroic Humanism
Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson, The International Style Siegfried Giedion, (on reserve) from Mechanization Takes Command

14. High Modernism: Formalism and Painting/Respite and Solace
Clement Greenberg, Art and Culture

15. Expands When Filled: Party!
Expect to talk informally about the research project and, most importantly, about the process itself, by which you went from seeking an idea to a (quasi) finished product.